Solar panel chishandiso chinoshandura Solar radiation simba zvakananga kana zvisina kunanga kuita simba remagetsi kuburikidza nephotoelectric effect kana photochemical effect nekutora chiedza chezuva. Chinhu chikuru cheakawanda Solar panels ndeye "silicon", asi nekuda kwemutengo wepamusoro wekugadzira, kushandiswa kwayo kwakapararira kuchine zvimwe zvinogumira.

Kuenzaniswa nemabhatiri akajairwa uye mabhatiri anochajiswa, masero ezuva ndeakawanda ekuchengetedza simba uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza kwezvakasvibirira zvigadzirwa.

Parizvino, crystalline silicon zvinhu (kusanganisira polycrystalline silicon uye monocrystalline silicon) ndiyo inonyanya kukosha photovoltaic zvinhu, ine mugove wemusika weinopfuura 90%, uye icharamba iri zvinhu zvakakosha zvemasero ezuva kwenguva yakareba mune ramangwana. Kwenguva yakareba, tekinoroji yekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvepolysilicon yave mumaoko emafekitori gumi emakambani manomwe ari munyika 3, dzakadai seUnited States, Japan neGermany, achigadzira mamiriro ekudzivirira tekinoroji uye musika monopoly.Kuda kwepolysilicon kunouya. kunyanya kubva kune semiconductors uye masero ezuva.Maererano nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvakachena, zvakakamurwa kuva magetsi uye simba rezuva.Nekukurumidza kukura kweindasitiri ye photovoltaic, kudiwa kwepolysilicon yezuva yemasero ezuva iri kukura nokukurumidza kupfuura iyo semiconductor polysilicon, uye inotarisirwa. kuti kudiwa kwepolysilicon yesolar kuchapfuura kweelectronic polysilicon panosvika 2008. Kubuda kwesero kwezuva kwepasi rose kwakakwira kubva pa69MW muna 1994 kusvika kuda kusvika 1200MW muna 2004, kuwedzera kakapetwa ka17 mumakore gumi chete.

Crystal silicon mapaneru: polycrystalline silicon solar masero, monocrystalline silicon solar masero.

Amorphous silicon mapaneru: akaonda firimu rezuva masero, organic solar masero.

Kemikari dhayi mapaneru: dhayi-sensitized solar masero.

Flexible solar cell

Monocrystalline silicon

Monocrystalline silicon solar masero ane shanduko inoshanda inosvika 18%, kusvika 24%, inova ndiyo yepamusoro-soro chero ipi zvayo yesolar cell, asi inodhura zvakanyanya kugadzira kushandiswa kwakapararira.Nekuti monocrystalline silicon inowanzovharwa negirazi rakaomeswa uye resin isina mvura, yakasimba uye yakasimba, ine hupenyu hwesevhisi hunosvika makore makumi maviri nemashanu.

polysilicon

Nzira yekugadzira yepolycrystalline silicon solar cells yakafanana neye monocrystalline silicon solar cells, asi photoelectric conversion performance ye polycrystalline silicon solar cells yakaderera zvikuru, uye photoelectric inoshandura kushanda inenge 16%. yakachipa kupfuura monocrystalline silicon solar masero, uye zvinhu zviri nyore kugadzira, kuchengetedza kushandiswa kwesimba, uye iyo yakazara mutengo wekugadzira yakaderera, saka yakave yakagadzirwa mune yakawanda nhamba.Kuwedzera, polycrystalline silicon solar masero ane hupenyu hupfupi kupfuura monocrystalline. silicon solar cells.Monocrystalline silicon solar masero ari nani zvishoma pamutengo uye kushanda.

Amorphous silicon

Amorphous silicon solar cell rudzi rutsva rwematete-firimu solar cell yakaonekwa muna 1976. Yakasiyana zvachose nenzira yekugadzira monocrystalline silicon uye polycrystalline silicon solar cells. Iyo nzira inorerutswa zvakanyanya, iyo silicon zvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvishoma, uye simba rekushandisa rakaderera.Zvisinei, dambudziko guru reamorphous silicon solar masero nderekuti iyo photoelectric kutendeuka inoshanda yakaderera. Iyo yepasirese yepamusoro nhanho inosvika gumi muzana, uye haina kugadzikana. Nekuwedzera kwenguva, kutendeuka kwekushanda kunoderera.